stem wood  (BIOREF GmbH)

Journal: Botanical Studies

Article Title: Cambial activity and xylogenesis in stems of Cedrus libani A. Rich at different altitudes

doi: 10.1186/s40529-015-0100-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tree ring formation in Cedrus libani with site specific microclimatic data. Shown are tree ring width resulting from radial growth with error bars indicating standard deviation among trees, daily maximum (dark gray line), mean (black line) and minimum (gray line) air temperature and daily mean stem temperature of sampled trees (red line) during the growing season of 2013. Vertical gray bands highlight the specific weather conditions over 14 days pre-running the first observation of enlarging cells and thus the beginning of radial increment. Precipitation data (monthly sum) are shown for O1 (grey, dotted bars), for T3 and T1. White bars show precipitation data from the Elmali Meteorological Station, hatched bars indicate precipitation data measured at the respective site, double-hatched bars show modelled precipitation data where site-specific precipitation data were missing (indicated with a star)

Article Snippet: Fig. 1 Cross sections of Cedrus libani stem wood . a Cambial zone (cz) during dormancy at the beginning of March with cambial initials and derivates, mature tracheids (m) of the previous year with thick secondary walls, and phloem (p) ( b ) Cambial zone during the growing season in June, enlarging cells (ec) ( c ) Wall thickening cells.

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Botanical Studies

Article Title: Cambial activity and xylogenesis in stems of Cedrus libani A. Rich at different altitudes

doi: 10.1186/s40529-015-0100-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cross sections of Cedrus libani stem wood . a Cambial zone (cz) during dormancy at the beginning of March with cambial initials and derivates, mature tracheids (m) of the previous year with thick secondary walls, and phloem (p) ( b ) Cambial zone during the growing season in June, enlarging cells (ec) ( c ) Wall thickening cells. The black arrow points at the intact protoplast of the cell ( d ) Enlarging cells which are not birefringent (black arrow) and wall thickening cells which are birefringent (red arrow) under polarized light ( e ) Mature cells with empty cell bodies and completely lignified secondary walls which appear intensely pink. f Resin ducts (rd) in the early wood during June. The bottom of the graphs are towards center of the stem. Scale bars: 50μm

Article Snippet: Fig. 1 Cross sections of Cedrus libani stem wood . a Cambial zone (cz) during dormancy at the beginning of March with cambial initials and derivates, mature tracheids (m) of the previous year with thick secondary walls, and phloem (p) ( b ) Cambial zone during the growing season in June, enlarging cells (ec) ( c ) Wall thickening cells.

Techniques:

Journal: Botanical Studies

Article Title: Cambial activity and xylogenesis in stems of Cedrus libani A. Rich at different altitudes

doi: 10.1186/s40529-015-0100-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Timing and dynamics of cambial activity and xylogenesis in stems of Cedrus libani during 2013. Number of cells in the cambial zone, in radial enlargement phase, in wall thickening phase, mature cells and total number of xylem cells are shown for the German (O1) and the four Turkish sites (T1 –T4). Error bars represent standard deviations among trees per site. Periods of cambial, enlargement and wall thickening activity are highlighted in gray. Dotted vertical lines indicate the time when first mature cells could be observed, dashed vertical lines the time when enlarging cells emerged thus wood formation was initiated

Article Snippet: Fig. 1 Cross sections of Cedrus libani stem wood . a Cambial zone (cz) during dormancy at the beginning of March with cambial initials and derivates, mature tracheids (m) of the previous year with thick secondary walls, and phloem (p) ( b ) Cambial zone during the growing season in June, enlarging cells (ec) ( c ) Wall thickening cells.

Techniques: Activity Assay